What Happens to Old Amalgam Fillings and Why You Should Consider Replacement
If you’ve had amalgam fillings for over 20 years, it may be time to think about replacing them. These fillings, once durable, can wear down due to chewing and daily use, making them less effective at protecting the tooth beneath. Here's what can happen as amalgam fillings age:
What to Watch for in Old Fillings:
Black Leakage: Over time, amalgam fillings can deteriorate, leading to a phenomenon known as “black leakage.” This occurs when the amalgam corrodes, releasing metal ions that seep into the surrounding tooth, causing dark discoloration and further decay. While it may not always be visible, this leakage compromises the integrity of the tooth.
Cracks and Bacteria Infiltration: Amalgam fillings tend to expand and contract with temperature changes. This constant shifting can create small cracks in both the filling and the tooth itself. These tiny fractures act as pathways for bacteria, leading to decay beneath the filling—often without you even realizing it. The constant exposure to temperature changes accelerates the breakdown of the material.
Tooth Softening: Once bacteria get inside the cracks, they begin to weaken the tooth’s structure. This decay can soften the tooth, leaving it more prone to fractures and other serious damage. When this happens, the tooth may lose its strength, potentially leading to more complex and costly dental treatments down the line.
Release of Toxic Chemicals: Daily activities like chewing or grinding your teeth can release small amounts of mercury and other metals from amalgam fillings. While these amounts are considered low, the long-term exposure, especially for those with multiple fillings, is a concern worth addressing. Mercury exposure can be especially concerning if you grind your teeth or have multiple fillings, as it increases the likelihood of these particles being released.
Why You Should Consider Replacement:
Given these potential risks, replacing old amalgam fillings with newer materials can better protect your oral health. Modern composite resins offer a safer, more durable, and aesthetically pleasing alternative. Not only do they blend naturally with your teeth, but they also avoid the risks associated with mercury. Here’s how Dr. Cait approaches this process:
Safe Removal: We take extra precautions when removing old amalgam fillings. An isolation device is used to minimize exposure to any particles that might be released. Additionally, patients can take activated charcoal to help absorb any toxins during the procedure, adding an extra layer of protection.
Three-Layer Composite Resin Build-Up:
Nerve Area: The first layer applied is designed to desensitize the area and kill bacteria, using a blend of clove oil and zinc oxide that also soothes the nerve.
Dentinal Layer: The second layer focuses on the dentinal part of the tooth, ensuring strength and durability. This layer bonds easily and minimizes sensitivity, as it is softer and more adaptable to the moist environment in the tooth’s inner layers.
Enamel Layer: The final layer mimics natural enamel with a hard composite resin, restoring the tooth’s function while blending in with your natural tooth color. This composite resin not only looks good but is highly durable and can last up to 20 years.
This trilayer technique, developed by Dr. Cait, has proven to be a robust and long-lasting solution, usually lasting up to 20 years!
Replacing old amalgam fillings isn’t just about improving the look of your smile—it’s about safeguarding the long-term health of your teeth. The risks of keeping old fillings, like black leakage, cracks, and mercury exposure, are significant enough to warrant serious consideration. If your amalgam fillings are decades old, it’s worth discussing replacement options at your next dental visit. Our office is committed to providing safe and effective treatments, ensuring your smile stays both beautiful and healthy for years to come!
